Lewis, aquarelle 'Lilium auratum'. 1871.  

Syria’s geographic position between the Mediterranean world and the Far-East influenced its history of textile production, which has been recognized since the Hellenistic period. Its position in an open market allowed free exchange among craftsmen and of goods, techniques and styles. Another important factor in the development of Syria’s textile industry has been her access to raw materials: linen from Egypt, wool from the Syrian steppes and desert, and, later silk and cotton both of which were eventually produced in the area. Additionally, the industry flourished because the Phoenicians, early settlers in the region, perfected the dye for the color red which was valued for its richness.

Since the beginning of the 19th century, fabrics were in demand not only for clothing but also for interior decorations and as upholstery. The demands of the court and the urban upper classes led to the rapid growth of the textile industry within the country. Because of these demands, fabric production became important in both the economic and political sectors.